This project analyses the various factors that cause poor performance in mathematics amongst pupils -a case study of Nyacaba Primary School in Thika district Kenya. CHAPTER ONE The objectives of the study were - To investigate the influence of traditional belies on mathematics to determine the contribution of learning resources in mathematics performance to investigate the colleration between teacher’s experience and pupil’s performance in mathematics to investigate both the teachers and pupil’s motivation and performance. The hypothesis of the project was that pupils who are well motivated, use learning resources, and are taught by experienced teachers perform better in mathematics in upper classes. CHAPTER TWO-deals with literature review. It gives an overview of the education system in Kenya, the challenges that face mathematics in both teachers and pupils. The different strategies that have been used the pupils and the complexities of gender and mathematics. CHAPTER THREE-Deals with the research design which is descriptiv . The population of study is the pupils of Nyacaba primary school of classes 6, 7and 8-where ten pupils from each class were picked at random. A questionnaire was used as a too